/*
 * @file context_plugin.cpp
 * @brief Context plugin: token counting and context window trimming.
 * 上下文插件：token 计数和上下文窗口裁剪。
 * Copyright (c) 2026 dstalk contributors. GPLv3.
 */

// plugin-context: 上下文管理服务插件 / Context management service plugin
// 提供 dstalk_context_service_t vtable 实现 / Provides dstalk_context_service_t vtable implementation
// 依赖: session (获取历史消息做 token 计数) / Depends on: session (get history messages for token counting)
#include "dstalk/dstalk_host.h"
#include "dstalk/dstalk_types.h"
#include "dstalk/dstalk_services.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <exception>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

// ============================================================
// 全局状态 / Global state
// ============================================================

static const dstalk_host_api_t* g_host = nullptr;
static const dstalk_session_service_t* g_session = nullptr;

// ============================================================
// 内部 C++ 辅助：共享 UTF-8 token 计数 / Internal C++ helper: shared UTF-8 token counting
// W18.1: 合并 count_tokens_one_message / count_tokens_trim 的重复逻辑 (F-11.1-5)
//        Merge duplicated logic between count_tokens_one_message / count_tokens_trim (F-11.1-5)
//        添加 UTF-8 越界保护 (F-11.1-4) 和 0xC0/0xC1 过短编码检测 (F-11.1-6)
//        Add UTF-8 out-of-bounds protection (F-11.1-4) and 0xC0/0xC1 overlong encoding detection (F-11.1-6)
// ============================================================

// 统计 UTF-8 字节序列 [text, text+len) 的估算 token 数。
// overhead: 每条消息的固定开销 token（role + separators = 4）
// 多字节序列在越界或无效后继字节时回退为单字节 other_chars 计数，不崩溃。
// Count estimated tokens for UTF-8 byte sequence [text, text+len).
// overhead: fixed token overhead per message (role + separators = 4).
// Multi-byte sequences fall back to single-byte other_chars counting when out-of-bounds or invalid continuation bytes.
static size_t count_tokens_utf8(const char* text, size_t len, size_t overhead) {
    if (!text || len == 0) return overhead;

    size_t ascii_chars   = 0;
    size_t chinese_chars = 0;
    size_t other_chars   = 0;

    size_t i = 0;
    while (i < len && text[i] != '\0') {
        unsigned char c = static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i]);

        if (c < 0x80) {
            // ASCII / ASCII
            ascii_chars++;
            i += 1;
        } else if (c >= 0xE4 && c <= 0xE9) {
            // CJK 统一表意文字 (U+4E00-U+9FFF): 3 字节 UTF-8 0xE4-0xE9 / CJK Unified Ideographs (U+4E00-U+9FFF): 3-byte UTF-8 0xE4-0xE9
            // W18.1 (F-11.1-4): 检查后续 2 字节是否在有效范围内 / Check if subsequent 2 bytes are in valid range
            if (i + 2 >= len ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 1]) & 0xC0) != 0x80 ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 2]) & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                other_chars++;
                i += 1;
            } else {
                chinese_chars++;
                i += 3;
            }
        } else if (c >= 0xC2 && c < 0xE0) {
            // 2 字节序列 (有效范围 0xC2-0xDF) / 2-byte sequence (valid range 0xC2-0xDF)
            // W18.1 (F-11.1-4): 检查后续 1 字节 / Check subsequent 1 byte
            if (i + 1 >= len ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 1]) & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                other_chars++;
                i += 1;
            } else {
                other_chars++;
                i += 2;
            }
        } else if (c == 0xC0 || c == 0xC1) {
            // W18.1 (F-11.1-6): 过短编码 (overlong encoding)，非法 UTF-8 起始字节 / Overlong encoding, invalid UTF-8 start byte
            // 0xC0/0xC1 永远不会出现在合法 UTF-8 中；视为单字节计入 other_chars / 0xC0/0xC1 never appear in valid UTF-8; counted as single-byte in other_chars
            other_chars++;
            i += 1;
        } else if (c >= 0xE0 && c < 0xF0) {
            // 非 CJK 3 字节序列 (0xE0-0xE3, 0xEA-0xEF) / Non-CJK 3-byte sequence (0xE0-0xE3, 0xEA-0xEF)
            // CJK 范围 0xE4-0xE9 已在上方分支处理 / CJK range 0xE4-0xE9 handled in branch above
            if (i + 2 >= len ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 1]) & 0xC0) != 0x80 ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 2]) & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                other_chars++;
                i += 1;
            } else {
                other_chars++;
                i += 3;
            }
        } else if (c >= 0xF0 && c < 0xF8) {
            // 4 字节序列 / 4-byte sequence
            if (i + 3 >= len ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 1]) & 0xC0) != 0x80 ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 2]) & 0xC0) != 0x80 ||
                (static_cast<unsigned char>(text[i + 3]) & 0xC0) != 0x80) {
                other_chars++;
                i += 1;
            } else {
                other_chars++;
                i += 4;
            }
        } else {
            // 续字节 (0x80-0xBF) 和其他无效起始字节 (0xF8-0xFF) / Continuation bytes (0x80-0xBF) and other invalid start bytes (0xF8-0xFF)
            other_chars++;
            i += 1;
        }
    }

    return (ascii_chars / 4) + (chinese_chars / 2) + (other_chars / 3) + overhead;
}

// ============================================================
// 消息级 token 计数（供 count_tokens_all 和 trim_impl 调用的薄封装） / Message-level token counting (thin wrappers for count_tokens_all and trim_impl)
// ============================================================

// 对单条 C 消息结构体封装 count_tokens_utf8 / Wrap count_tokens_utf8 for a single C message struct.
static size_t count_tokens_one_message(const dstalk_message_t& msg) {
    const char* text = msg.content;
    if (!text) return 4; // 只有 overhead / overhead only
    return count_tokens_utf8(text, std::strlen(text), 4);
}

// 对 C 消息数组求和估算 token / Sum token estimates across an array of C messages.
static size_t count_tokens_all(const dstalk_message_t* msgs, int count) {
    size_t total = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        total += count_tokens_one_message(msgs[i]);
    }
    return total;
}

// ============================================================
// 内部 trim 逻辑 / Internal trim logic
// ============================================================

// 为 trim 操作将 C 消息数组复制到内部 struct / Copy C message array to internal struct for trim operation
struct TrimMessage {
    std::string role;
    std::string content;
    std::string tool_call_id;
    std::string tool_calls_json;
};

static size_t count_tokens_trim(const TrimMessage& msg) {
    if (msg.content.empty()) return 4;
    return count_tokens_utf8(msg.content.c_str(), msg.content.size(), 4);
}

static size_t count_tokens_trim_vec(const std::vector<TrimMessage>& msgs) {
    size_t total = 0;
    for (const auto& m : msgs) total += count_tokens_trim(m);
    return total;
}

// 释放单条消息中所有已分配的字符串字段（用于 OOM 回滚） / Free all host-allocated string fields in a single dstalk_message_t (OOM rollback helper).
static void free_msg_strs(dstalk_message_t* msg) {
    if (msg->role)            { g_host->free((void*)msg->role);            msg->role = nullptr; }
    if (msg->content)         { g_host->free((void*)msg->content);         msg->content = nullptr; }
    if (msg->tool_call_id)    { g_host->free((void*)msg->tool_call_id);    msg->tool_call_id = nullptr; }
    if (msg->tool_calls_json) { g_host->free((void*)msg->tool_calls_json); msg->tool_calls_json = nullptr; }
}

// 将 TrimMessage 的字符串字段通过 g_host->strdup 复制到 dstalk_message_t。
// 成功返回 0；OOM 时释放当前消息已分配字段并返回 -1。
// Copy TrimMessage string fields into a dstalk_message_t via host->strdup.
// On OOM, frees already-allocated fields and returns -1.
static int strdup_message_fields(dstalk_message_t* dst, const TrimMessage& src) {
    memset(dst, 0, sizeof(dstalk_message_t));

    if (!src.role.empty()) {
        dst->role = g_host->strdup(src.role.c_str());
        if (!dst->role) goto oom;
    }
    if (!src.content.empty()) {
        dst->content = g_host->strdup(src.content.c_str());
        if (!dst->content) goto oom;
    }
    if (!src.tool_call_id.empty()) {
        dst->tool_call_id = g_host->strdup(src.tool_call_id.c_str());
        if (!dst->tool_call_id) goto oom;
    }
    if (!src.tool_calls_json.empty()) {
        dst->tool_calls_json = g_host->strdup(src.tool_calls_json.c_str());
        if (!dst->tool_calls_json) goto oom;
    }
    return 0;

oom:
    free_msg_strs(dst);
    return -1;
}

// W12.1 修复：trim_impl 包裹 try/catch 防止 C++ 异常穿越 ABI 边界 (§5.3) / W12.1 fix: trim_impl wrapped in try/catch to prevent C++ exceptions crossing ABI boundary (§5.3)
// 核心裁剪逻辑：通过删除最旧的 user/assistant 对来减少消息列表以适应 max_tokens。
// 保留 system 消息。try/catch 保护 ABI / Core trim logic: reduce message list to fit within max_tokens by removing
// oldest user/assistant pairs. Preserves system messages. try/catch guards ABI.
static int trim_impl(const dstalk_message_t* in, int in_count,
                     dstalk_message_t** out, int* out_count,
                     size_t max_tokens) {
    try {
        if (!in || in_count <= 0 || !out || !out_count) return -1;

        // W18.1 (F-11.1-3): g_max_tokens 已移除，调用方必须提供有效 max_tokens；
        // 传 0 时使用硬编码默认值 4096 / g_max_tokens removed, caller must provide valid max_tokens;
        // when 0 is passed, use hardcoded default 4096.
        if (max_tokens == 0) max_tokens = 4096;

        // 将 C 数组转换为内部 vector / Convert C array to internal vector
        std::vector<TrimMessage> messages;
        messages.reserve(in_count);
        for (int i = 0; i < in_count; ++i) {
            TrimMessage tm;
            if (in[i].role)            tm.role            = in[i].role;
            if (in[i].content)         tm.content         = in[i].content;
            if (in[i].tool_call_id)    tm.tool_call_id    = in[i].tool_call_id;
            if (in[i].tool_calls_json) tm.tool_calls_json = in[i].tool_calls_json;
            messages.push_back(std::move(tm));
        }

        // 如果已在限制内，直接返回完整副本 / If already within limit, return full copy directly
        size_t current = count_tokens_trim_vec(messages);
        if (current <= max_tokens) {
            *out_count = in_count;
            *out = static_cast<dstalk_message_t*>(g_host->alloc(sizeof(dstalk_message_t) * in_count));
            if (!*out) return -1;
            // W12.1: strdup 返回值逐一检查，OOM 时回滚已分配消息 / strdup return value checked one-by-one, rollback already allocated on OOM
            for (int i = 0; i < in_count; ++i) {
                if (strdup_message_fields(&(*out)[i], messages[i]) != 0) {
                    for (int j = 0; j < i; ++j) free_msg_strs(&(*out)[j]);
                    g_host->free(*out);
                    *out = nullptr;
                    return -1;
                }
            }
            return 0;
        }

        // 分离 system 消息和非 system 消息 / Separate system messages from non-system messages
        std::vector<TrimMessage> system_msgs;
        std::vector<TrimMessage> non_system_msgs;
        for (const auto& msg : messages) {
            if (msg.role == "system") {
                system_msgs.push_back(msg);
            } else {
                non_system_msgs.push_back(msg);
            }
        }

        size_t system_tokens = count_tokens_trim_vec(system_msgs);
        if (system_tokens > max_tokens) {
            std::fprintf(stderr, "[context] WARNING: system messages alone "
                         "(%zu tokens) exceed max_context_tokens (%zu)\n",
                         system_tokens, max_tokens);
        }

        // 检查是否有单条消息超过限制 / Check if any single message exceeds the limit
        for (const auto& msg : non_system_msgs) {
            size_t msg_tokens = count_tokens_trim(msg);
            if (msg_tokens > max_tokens) {
                std::fprintf(stderr, "[context] WARNING: single message "
                             "(%s, %zu tokens) exceeds max_context_tokens (%zu). "
                             "Returning empty list.\n",
                             msg.role.c_str(), msg_tokens, max_tokens);
                *out = nullptr;
                *out_count = 0;
                return -1;
            }
        }

        // 从最早的非 system 消息开始裁剪，确保 user/assistant 成对移除 / Trim from earliest non-system messages, ensuring user/assistant pairs are removed together
        while (!non_system_msgs.empty()) {
            current = system_tokens + count_tokens_trim_vec(non_system_msgs);
            if (current <= max_tokens) break;

            // 找第一个 "user" 消息 / Find first "user" message
            auto user_it = non_system_msgs.begin();
            while (user_it != non_system_msgs.end() && user_it->role != "user") {
                ++user_it;
            }
            if (user_it == non_system_msgs.end()) break;

            // 找下一个 "assistant" / Find next "assistant"
            auto assistant_it = user_it + 1;
            while (assistant_it != non_system_msgs.end() && assistant_it->role != "assistant") {
                ++assistant_it;
            }

            if (assistant_it == non_system_msgs.end()) {
                non_system_msgs.erase(user_it);
            } else {
                // 先删 assistant 再删 user 避免迭代器失效 / Delete assistant first then user to avoid iterator invalidation
                non_system_msgs.erase(assistant_it);
                user_it = non_system_msgs.begin();
                while (user_it != non_system_msgs.end() && user_it->role != "user") ++user_it;
                if (user_it != non_system_msgs.end()) non_system_msgs.erase(user_it);
            }
        }

        // W18.1 (F-11.1-3): 消息数量上限粗略估算（每消息 ~100 token），使用当前 max_tokens / Message count upper bound rough estimate (~100 tokens per message), uses current max_tokens
        {
            size_t max_msg_count = (max_tokens + 99) / 100;  // ceil(max_tokens / 100)
            if (max_msg_count < 1) max_msg_count = 1;
            while (non_system_msgs.size() > max_msg_count) {
                non_system_msgs.erase(non_system_msgs.begin());
            }
        }

        // 组装结果 / Assemble result
        std::vector<TrimMessage> result;
        result.reserve(system_msgs.size() + non_system_msgs.size());
        result.insert(result.end(), system_msgs.begin(), system_msgs.end());
        result.insert(result.end(), non_system_msgs.begin(), non_system_msgs.end());

        int result_count = static_cast<int>(result.size());
        *out_count = result_count;
        *out = static_cast<dstalk_message_t*>(g_host->alloc(sizeof(dstalk_message_t) * result_count));
        if (!*out) return -1;

        // W12.1: strdup 返回值逐一检查，OOM 时回滚已分配消息 / strdup return value checked one-by-one, rollback on OOM
        for (int i = 0; i < result_count; ++i) {
            if (strdup_message_fields(&(*out)[i], result[i]) != 0) {
                for (int j = 0; j < i; ++j) free_msg_strs(&(*out)[j]);
                g_host->free(*out);
                *out = nullptr;
                return -1;
            }
        }

        return 0;
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
        // W12.1: 防止 std::bad_alloc 等 C++ 异常穿越 C ABI 边界 -> std::terminate() / Prevent C++ exceptions (std::bad_alloc etc.) from crossing C ABI boundary -> std::terminate()
        if (g_host) g_host->log(DSTALK_LOG_ERROR, "[context] trim_impl exception: %s", e.what());
        return -1;
    } catch (...) {
        if (g_host) g_host->log(DSTALK_LOG_ERROR, "[context] trim_impl unknown exception");
        return -1;
    }
}

// ============================================================
// Context 服务 vtable 实现 / Context service vtable implementation
// ============================================================

// W12.1: 包裹 try/catch 防止异常穿越 C ABI 边界 -> std::terminate() / Wrapped try/catch prevents exceptions crossing C ABI boundary -> std::terminate()
// 对 C 消息数组进行 token 计数。输入为 null/空时返回 0 / Count tokens across an array of C messages. Returns 0 on null/empty input.
static size_t context_count_tokens(const dstalk_message_t* msgs, int count) {
    try {
        if (!msgs || count <= 0) return 0;
        return count_tokens_all(msgs, count);
    } catch (...) {
        return 0;
    }
}

// W12.1: 包裹 try/catch 防止异常穿越 C ABI 边界 / Wrapped try/catch prevents exceptions crossing C ABI boundary
// 裁剪消息列表以适应 max_tokens，返回新分配的主机内存数组 / Trim a message list to fit within max_tokens, returning a new host-allocated array.
static int context_trim(const dstalk_message_t* in, int in_count,
                        dstalk_message_t** out, int* out_count,
                        size_t max_tokens) {
    try {
        return trim_impl(in, in_count, out, out_count, max_tokens);
    } catch (...) {
        return -1;
    }
}

// W18.1 (F-11.1-3): g_max_tokens / context_set_max_tokens 已移除。
// max_tokens 由调用方通过 trim() 的 max_tokens 参数直接传入；
// 传 0 时 trim_impl 使用硬编码默认值 4096。
// g_max_tokens / context_set_max_tokens removed. max_tokens is passed directly
// by caller via trim()'s max_tokens parameter; trim_impl uses hardcoded default 4096 when 0.
static dstalk_context_service_t g_context_service = {
    context_count_tokens,
    context_trim
};

// ============================================================
// 插件生命周期 / Plugin lifecycle
// ============================================================

// W12.1: 包裹 try/catch 防止异常穿越 C ABI 边界 / Wrapped try/catch prevents exceptions crossing C ABI boundary
// 插件初始化：保存主机指针，查询 session 依赖，注册 context 服务 / Plugin init: store host pointer, query session dependency, register context service.
static int on_init(const dstalk_host_api_t* host) {
    try {
        g_host = host;

        // 查询依赖服务: session / Query dependency service: session
        void* raw = host->query_service("session", 1);
        if (!raw) {
            host->log(DSTALK_LOG_ERROR, "[plugin-context] required service 'session' not found");
            return -1;
        }
        g_session = static_cast<const dstalk_session_service_t*>(raw);

        return host->register_service("context", 1, &g_context_service);
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
        if (g_host) g_host->log(DSTALK_LOG_ERROR, "[plugin-context] on_init exception: %s", e.what());
        return -1;
    } catch (...) {
        if (g_host) g_host->log(DSTALK_LOG_ERROR, "[plugin-context] on_init unknown exception");
        return -1;
    }
}

// W16.2: 包裹 try/catch 防止异常穿越 C ABI 边界 -- void 函数仅 log / Wrapped try/catch prevents exceptions crossing C ABI boundary -- void function only logs
// 插件关闭：清空指针。try/catch 保护 ABI（void 函数） / Plugin shutdown: null out pointers. try/catch guards ABI (void function).
static void on_shutdown() {
    try {
        g_session = nullptr;
        g_host = nullptr;
    } catch (const std::exception& e) {
        if (g_host) g_host->log(DSTALK_LOG_ERROR, "[plugin-context] on_shutdown: %s", e.what());
        g_session = nullptr;
        g_host = nullptr;
    } catch (...) {
        if (g_host) g_host->log(DSTALK_LOG_ERROR, "[plugin-context] on_shutdown: unknown exception");
        g_session = nullptr;
        g_host = nullptr;
    }
}

static dstalk_plugin_info_t g_info = {
    "context",
    "1.0.0",
    "Context management plugin with token counting and trim support    / 支持 token 计数和裁剪的上下文管理插件",
    DSTALK_API_VERSION,
    {"session", nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr},
    on_init,
    on_shutdown,
    nullptr
};

// 必须入口点：返回插件描述符给主机 / Mandatory entry point: returns the plugin descriptor to the host.
extern "C" DSTALK_PLUGIN_EXPORT dstalk_plugin_info_t* dstalk_plugin_init(void) {
    return &g_info;
}